Bibliographies: 'Milton College (Milton, Wis.)' – Grafiati (2024)

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The Learning-Orientation Grade-Orientation Scale of Eison, Pollio, and Milton was administered to 85 college students and analyzed to study the psychometric properties of the instrument. Scale means were consistent with those usually reported. Cronbach coefficients alpha for 5 of the 6 scales ranged from .58 to .70; however, the coefficient alpha for learning-orientation attitude scale was questionably low (.29). Item analyses and factor analyses support the continued use of at least 5 of the 6 scales measured by the inventory.

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The Austrian School of Economics has long been branded as a sort of radical laissez-faire wing within the economics profession, even much more “right-wing,” in fact, than Milton Friedman, the profession;'s most recognized “preacher” of the free-market. The economic journalist Alfred Malabre, Jr., for example, in his recent critical book on modern economics, Lost Prophets, argues that “the monetarism that Friedman and his followers were preaching was not quite as conservative as advertised. In fact, the University of Chicago professor was treading not far from the middle of the economic road, flanked on the left by the likes of Galbraith and Leontief and on the right by Hayek, along with such other Austrian-school luminaries as Hans Sennholz, chairman of the economics department at Grove City College in western Pennsylvania, and Ludwig von Mises, transplanted from Austria and finishing out a distinguished academic and writing career at New York University” (Malabre 1994, p. 144).

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The author describes a project which was created to encourage communication, through music and drama, between mainstream sixth form pupils and a local Special School. The course was offered as part of the Certificate of Pre- Vocational Education of the Joint Board of City and Guilds/B. Tech. and was open to all sixth form students irrespective of their musical expertise or experience. None had previously worked with handicapped children.Dorothy Tipton is Head of Music at the Rowena School for Girls, Sittingbourne. Her interest in Special School work was awakened during a Diploma in Music Education course at Christ Church College, Canterbury, resulting in a dissertation on ‘Music in the Mainstream Classroom for children with Special Needs’ (1985). During this research close and lasting links were developed with the local Special School for the severely handicapped, St Bartholomew's School, Milton, Kent. In March 1988, project cards for Music non-specialist primary school teachers Exploring Sounds and Themes, devised by Dorothy Tipton, Alan Vincent and Vanessa Young, were published by Kent Education Committee.

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At the 2003 Annual Convention of the College Theology Society in Milwaukee, Sandra Yocum Mize presented some of her research for a history of the Society. I greatly appreciated her investigation of our Society's origins and its progress. She reminded me of things I had forgotten and told me much that I have never known. Let me add a few reminiscences that may be helpful to those who are new in the profession or relatively so.The Korean War consumed the last two years of Harry Truman's second term as president, when Dwight Eisenhower was elected to succeed him. After the unsuccessful effort to contain Communism on the entire Korean peninsula at the cost of many lives on both sides, the eight Eisenhower years, 1952–1960 were largely a matter of the Cold War with the Soviet Union. Eisenhower was basically a retired general, on the basis of which he had been named president of Columbia University in a kind of travesty of academic life. His brother Milton who might have made a better chief executive rose in academia to become president of the Pennsylvania State University, well before Joe Paterno brought the Nittany Lions to another kind of eminence. The Eisenhower years were a lull of sorts in U.S. life bringing prosperity to the few, Republican style, and a scandal over his chief of staff who had accepted a gift of an alpaca coat. Days of innocence! Catholic college enrollments were still very much on the increase in the mid-1950s as a result of the G.I. Bill granting full tuition and books, not only for undergraduate and graduate study but even for any theological seminary of a veteran's choice. Many a convent motherhouse's instructional situation was being transformed into a bachelor's degree-granting institution in those years, at first for the religious students only but then shortly for adult lay women in the surrounding areas. The teachers of religion in Catholic colleges and in the few universities of the mid-1950s were priests with a seminary education—no religious brothers, sisters or lay persons as yet.

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Atocha Aliseda, La lógica como herramienta de la razón. Razonamiento ampliativo en la creatividad, la cognición y la inferencia, (Cuadernos de lógica, epistemología y lenguaje Volumen 6), College Publications, Milton Keynes, UK, 2014, xiii + 90 pp.

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Background Overweight and obesity are America’s number one health concern. The prevalence of obesity in the United States is greater than 36%, a rate that has doubled since 1970. As the second most preventable cause of death, obesity is a risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and cancer, all major causes of death. Primary care clinics may be an ideal setting for weight control interventions to help manage and prevent diabetes. For this reason, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented a health care procedure coding system code for intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) for obesity within primary care in 2012 to facilitate payment for addressing obesity, which was followed by broader coverage by most insurers for IBT for adults in 2013. However, the impact of this coverage on patient-centered outcomes is largely unknown. Objective The overarching goal of this study is to understand the comparative effectiveness of obesity counseling as covered by CMS and other insurers in improving weight loss for adults either with or at increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Methods This study leverages the novel infrastructure of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute–funded PaTH Clinical Data Research Network. The PaTH network is comprised of Geisinger Health System, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Health System, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Temple Health System, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC and UPMC Health Plan, and the University of Utah. Electronic health record (EHR) data will originate from the 6 PaTH health systems. Specifically, we will (1) evaluate the impact of broader preventive service coverage for obesity screening and counseling on weight loss, diabetes incidence, and diabetes outcomes in patients with diabetes or at increased risk for diabetes (defined by body mass index [BMI] ≥25). We will determine how the annual probability of receiving obesity and/or nutritional counseling changed pre- and postpolicy across all insurers in a cohort of patients with diabetes and at high risk for diabetes. We will (2) compare patient weight loss and diabetes-related outcomes among those who receive obesity screening and counseling with those who do not, following implementation of preventive service coverage. We will examine postpolicy impact of obesity screening and counseling in a cohort of patients with diabetes and at increased risk for diabetes. Specific outcomes to be examined include weight loss, diabetes incidence, and diabetes outcomes. Exploratory outcomes will include patient-reported outcomes. Furthermore, we will determine patient characteristics, including demographics, and practice characteristics, including provider type. Results Our PCORI-funded study is underway. To date, we have obtained our second data extraction from the PaTH CDRN and are performing data editing and cleaning. Next steps include analysis of early policy change. Conclusions Given patients who are overweight are at highest risk for diabetes, improved weight management services could prevent diabetes and its negative health outcomes. Comparing weight and diabetes outcomes in 3 states using EHRs and claims data before and after this policy was implemented using the PaTH Network will allow important insight into policy effectiveness. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/12054

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The current study investigated the relationship between suggestibility of memory, personality characteristics identified by the Millon Index of Personality Traits, and tolerance for ambiguity measured by MacDonald's Ambiguity Tolerance-20. 85 female and 16 male college students were assigned to either an experimental group receiving the suggestive information or a control group. Suggestibility was assessed using Lindberg's suggestibility measure consisting of a short video, followed by a questionnaire used to assess memory, and a second administration one week later. Logistical regression analyses were used to construct a model of the personality characteristics predictive of suggestibility and indicated that susceptibility to suggestive information may differ across personalities for variables such as sensing, innovating, agreeing, and low tolerance of ambiguity.

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The relation between two measures of personality disorders was examined in a nonclinical sample of 113 college students (86 women, 27 men) who completed the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II and the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised. Raw scores for 10 of 11 corresponding scales on the two instruments were significantly correlated (median r = .49). Compared to Millon's inventory, the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised designated more subjects as having eccentric personality disorders but fewer as having anxious personality disorders. The significant association between scores on the inventories suggests that they assess personality traits that vary continuously in nonclinical samples. However, the finding that they differ significantly in their assignment of clinical labels shows that they should not be used to diagnose personality disorders in nonclinical populations.

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That murmur, soon replies, “God doth not need Either man’s work or his own gifts; who best Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state Is Kingly. Thousands at his bidding speed And post o’er Land and Ocean without rest: They also serve who only stand and wait.”1 1John Milton, Sonnet 19 The COVID-19 Pandemic has brought out most of the best (and some of the worst) in us. Much has been said, shared, even sung about health care workers as frontline heroes. Whether we indeed form the frontline, or man the last line of defense, due credit is being given to all “front-liners” – essential-service workers, drivers and delivery personnel, security guards, the military and police who literally serve in the trenches of this invisible war. Indeed, it is heartening to read the inspiring messages, hear the encouraging words, listen to the uplifting (sometimes funny) music and songs, witness the moving memes and cartoons, watch the refreshing dances and tributes, and receive the healing blessings and prayers on various media and social media platforms. Indeed, we are motivated to continue to work, so that others may safely stay home. Some of us have even been called upon to die, so that others may live. But so much less is and has been said about those who make our battle possible, who selflessly and silently took it upon themselves to clothe us with personal protective equipment, feed us, transport us, and even shelter us as we engage the unseen enemy. It is these heroes I wish to thank today. I certainly cannot thank them all, but I sincerely hope that those I do mention will represent the many others I cannot. Early on, my brother Elmer Lapeña and his Team Twilight group of “golfing enthusiasts and friends” (“company owners, executives, managers, engineers, technicians, entrepreneurs, and expats in the electronics, semiconductor, metalworking, automotive, aerospace, and packaging manufacturing industries”) responded to the call for better protection for frontliners with door-to-door deliveries of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to over 40 hospitals in the National Capitol Region, Rizal, Cavite, Laguna and Batangas including the Philippine General Hospital (PGH).2 On a personal note, Elmer and my sister-in-law Annette were closely monitoring our situation, going out of their way to obtain difficult-to-find PPEs for my wife Josie and myself, and our respective Departments of Family and Community Medicine (DFCM) and Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) at the PGH. For her part, our very dear friend Gigi Bautista Rapadas organized Project #HelpCovid19Warriors(HCW), to “go where the virus goes” and “help where help is needed and requested,” harnessing donations from ‘family, friends, and friends of friends” to procure PPE (as well as disinfectants, even canned goods) that were distributed “from Metro Manila to the provinces: Tuguegarao, Bataan, Bulacan, La Union, Nueva Vizcaya, Cavite,” moving from hospitals and health centers to correctional institutes.3 It is because of them that our PGH Department of ORL obtained very expensive but essential respirator hoods for added protection from aerosolized virus when conducting airway procedures, in addition to head-to-foot PPEs for use of the PGH DFCM in attending to PGH staff at the UP Health Service. Meanwhile, without fanfare, our dear friends Popot and Agnes (also my DLSU ’79 classmate) Lorenzana provided cooked meals for 1,000 persons daily. Working with on-the-ground social workers and with the 2KK Tulong sa Kapwa Kapatid Foundation, their Feeding Program “A thousand meals for poor communities” reached Payatas, Talayan, Pinyahan, Smokey Mountain, Maisan, Bagong Silang, Old Balara, Tatalon, Sta. Teresita, Sampaloc, and Sta. Ana, among more than 50 other communities. They generously responded to my wife’s request to provide meals for her community patients of the Canossa Health Center in Tondo. They have also provided meals for hospital staff of Amang Rodriguez Memorial Medical Center, the Medical City Hospital, Veterans Memorial Medical Center, Dr. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital, Dr. Jose Rodriquez Memorial Hospital, Quezon City General Hospital, the San Lazaro Hospital, Valenzuela City Emergency and Lung Center of the Philippines. They continue this service which to date has provided for more than 32,000 meals, with corporate partners and private individuals joining the effort.4 Other De La Salle University (DLSU) College ‘79 batchmates who wish to remain anonymous obtained board approval of their endorsem*nt to channel all the social development funds of their Maritime Multipurpose Cooperative for the next 3 years to the Philippine General Hospital. Adding their personal funds (and those solicited by their daughter and nephew), they took on the daunting task of sourcing and proving Powered Air Purifying Respirators (PAPRs) for our use. Another DLSU batchmate has been providing PPEs to various hospitals including PGH through their family corporation, Nobleland Ventures, Inc. Even their high school batch ’75 of Saint Jude Catholic School has donated boxes and boxes of PPEs to the PGH and other hospitals. Other DLSU ’79 classmates Bel and Bong Consing, and Timmy, Joy (and Tita Linda) Bautista have personally donated PPEs and funds for our COVID-19 operations, while classmate Fritz de Lange even sent over sweet mangoes for us to enjoy with our fellow frontliners. Generous donations also poured in from La Salle Green Hills (LSGH) High School ’76 friends Cris Ibarra, Norman Uy, Class 4E, and batchmates Tito and Pepper who wish to remain anonymous, as well as Menchit Borbon and her St. Theresa’s College Quezon City (STCQC) - Section 1 classmates. We even received overseas support from my LSGH 4B classmate Bingo Pantaleon from Yangon; my mom Libby, brother Bernie and Lilli, and friend Soyanto from Singapore, and sister Sabine from Germany. And how can we forget the regular frozen food deliveries of Jollibee chicken drumsticks and home-made Bulgogi and Tapa from our dear friends Ed and Aning Go? Perhaps the most touching gifts of all came from my eldest and youngest daughters Melay and Jica, who lovingly prepared and delivered much-appreciated meals to us, and middle child Ro-an, who with our son-in-law Reycay serenaded us with beautiful music that was appreciated by no less than Vice President Leni Robredo and featured by the Philippine Philharmonic Orchestra.5 Their musical fund-raising campaign started with another haunting piece featuring my sister Nina and brother-in-law Kiko.6 As if that was not enough, Ro-an bakes cookies to raise funds for our ongoing COVID-19 operations at PGH, while Melay and Jica keep asking us what we want to eat next. These three count among those who have least, yet “put in everything ” from what little they have.7 These are but a few examples of those known personally to me- my family and friends. And there are many more. In the same way, every other doctor and front liner will have their own stories to tell, of friends, family even mere acquaintances who have come out of the shadows to help, to care, to share in whatever way they can, in fighting this battle with us. Let this be their tribute as well. Those of us who serve in the Philippine General Hospital have been called People Giving Hope.8,9 I believe that we do give hope because others give us hope in turn. I like to think that the inscription in the PGH lobby “They Also Serve Who Care and Share” honors these others in a special way who go over and beyond the call of duty. With apologies to John Milton, our heroes go way over and beyond “they also serve who only stand and wait.”

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1985.
Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 254-265).

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The subject around which the contributions in this volume gravitate is the creation of a higher institute of engineering studies in Florence in the late nineteenth-century. On the eve of the unification of Italy, Florence was a promising centre for a Polytechnic, in view of the experience of the Corpo di Ingegneri di Acque e Strade, the precocious railway building, the importance of the mining sector and the solidity of the Istituto Tecnico Toscano. Despite this, unlike what took place in Milan and in Turin, the Istituto Tecnico Toscano was not transformed into a Polytechnic for the training of engineers. The reasons for this non-development can be traced to the lack of "industrialist" propensities in the managerial group that emerged victorious from the "peaceful revolution" of 1859, to a desire for independence from the national academic system built on the Casati law, and to a local demand for engineering skills that was less dynamic than expected. Consequently, the prevailing winds were those of "normalisation" blowing from the government, the universities and the most prestigious Colleges of Engineers. Nevertheless, Florence continued to represent an important technological centre, especially in relation to railway infrastructures, public works, and the mechanical engineering industries (for example Pignone and Galileo). In the end it was not until one hundred years after unification that the city finally became the seat of a Faculty of Engineering.

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Elaine de Kooning’s mother was a formative influence in her life, introducing her to art and literature at an early age. Her mother’s outlandish, autocratic personality—and her institutionalization for child neglect when Elaine was six years old—also served as a cautionary example. Praised by teachers for her drawing skills and active in school sports, Elaine was highly competitive from an early age. After excelling at Erasmus Hall High School in Brooklyn, New York, she enrolled at Hunter College. But she soon left to attend an art school in Manhattan. Her boyfriend, artist Milton Resnick, encouraged her to switch to the more radically progressive American Artists School. Another artist boyfriend introduced her to Willem de Kooning, who had emigrated from the Netherlands. Elaine was instantly smitten with him and with his paintings.

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This chapter discusses John Milton's acquaintance with classical literature, which began early and continued throughout his lifetime. Between 1615 and 1620, Milton entered St. Paul's, which was founded by John Colet, a friend and disciple of Erasmus. St. Paul's was heavily influenced by Erasmus's humanist principles, which centred on a thorough and actively practical engagement with classical literature and civilization. Prior to his education in St. Paul's, Milton was home tutored, which centred on the elements of classical learning. From 1625, Milton continued his studies at Christ's College, Cambridge. During these periods of educational quest, Milton honed his knowledge of classical literature and languages. He mastered Greek and Latin, and acquainted himself with the works of Latin and Greek poets. Even at the onset of his blindness, Milton maintained his acquaintance with the classical literature; he taught his daughter Greek and Latin so she could read to him in those languages. His convictions were centrally grounded in the classics; for instance, his republicanism was grounded in Roman precedent. Milton worked in Latin, and his English poems were steeped in classical forms such as imagery, rhetoric, and allusions. Three of his major works were written in mainstream classical genres: twelve-book epic, pastoral, and Aristotelian tragedy. Milton's poetic language was saturated at the local level of vocabulary, syntax, and metaphorical resonance with Greek and Latin languages.

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This chapter focuses on the Rockefeller Foundation’s support of university new music centers and contemporary chamber ensembles, offering new insights into a commonly understood historiography of U.S. twentieth-century music: the dominance and prestige of experimental music and serialism at universities. Most notably, composers at Columbia, Princeton, the University of Chicago, and Mills College served dually as outside experts and commissioned artists and performers. Milton Babbitt, Otto Luening, and Vladimir Ussachevsky benefited greatly from their involvement at Rockefeller and the Columbia–Princeton Electronic Music Center. The composers and performers justified their work initially through the Soviet threat and rivalries with European studios, and later with innovation and creativity. The new music ensembles solidified a musical circuit that crisscrossed the country, making stops at many Rockefeller-funded centers. The foundation revealed ways it was both an advertent and inadvertent patron of what New Yorker critic Winthrop Sargeant pejoratively referred to as “foundation music.”

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The Lumina Foundation estimates the number of American adults possessing some college education, but no degree, to hover at about 47 million. CAEL approximates this number to be about 100 million when including adults without any previous college study. This chapter questions whether there are sufficient degree completion programs available in the U.S. to meet current demand. With the U.S. a dismal 19th in the 2015 OECD rankings of college graduation rates, this chapter makes the case that there is more work for American colleges and universities to do to address the gaping disparity between the number of Americans holding four-year degrees and those needed to provide the innovation required to maintain future American economic vitality. Finally, the chapter reviews the blended classroom approach as a highly effective model for serving the adult degree completion population and describes a successful program that was recently created at Long Island University.

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The climate work of the unrestrained and undisciplined geographic determinist, eugenicist, and popular writer Ellsworth Huntington (1876–1947) can be categorized into three large themes: the influence of weather and weather changes on workers and students, the influence of climate on world civilizations, and the influence of solar variations on climate change. The first represented a sort of meteorological Taylorism, the second a reprise of enlightenment determinism, and the third a simplistic and wholly unrealistic pseudoscientific theory. Why, then, should we bother with him? One answer was provided by the historian Arnold Toynbee, who was “enormously influenced” by Huntington’s ideas about the relation between human beings and their physical environments. It was Toynbee’s opinion that “[s]tudents of human affairs may agree or disagree with Huntington, but in either case they will be influenced by him, so it is better that they should be aware of him.” Although Huntington’s thought was indeed influential in its time, since then his racial bias and crude determinisms have been largely rejected. Nonetheless, his categorical errors seem destined to be repeated by those who make overly dramatic claims for weather and climatic influences. Ellsworth Huntington was born in Galesburg, Illinois, on September 16, 1876, the third child and eldest son of Henry Strong Huntington, a Congregationalist minister, and Mary Lawrence Herbert. The Huntingtons were proud of their Puritan ancestry, which they traced to 1633. Following the call of the ministry, the family moved to Gorham, Maine, in 1877 and then in 1889 to Milton, Massachusetts, a wealthy suburb of Boston. Ellsworth attended the public high school, where he excelled in athletics and academics. His biographers have called him reclusive, but his brother suggested that perhaps he was humble rather than shy. Huntington passed the Harvard entrance examinations, but family finances precluded his enrollment there. Instead, he attended Beloit College, where he boarded with a maternal aunt, from 1893 to 1897. Following in the footsteps of T. C. Chamberlin (Beloit 1866), Huntington studied both classics and geology, publishing his first article, on local road-making materials, in the Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences.

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On July 3, 2002, fire destroyed a facility that served as both office and computer server room for a College of Business located in the United States. The fire also caused significant smoke damage to the office building where the computer facility was located. The monetary costs of the disaster were over $4 million. This case, written from the point of view of the chairperson of the College Technology Committee, discusses the issues faced by the college as they resumed operations and planned for rebuilding their information technology operations. The almost-total destruction of the college’s server assets offered a unique opportunity to rethink the IT architecture for the college. The reader is challenged to learn from the experiences discussed in the case to develop an IT architecture for the college that will meet operational requirements and take into account the potential threats to the system.

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An estimated 23 million veterans lived in the United States in 2013, when the U.S. spent approximately $99 billion on veterans' benefits, $4.4 billion of which funded education and vocational rehabilitation. This denotes increased presence of combat student-veterans in colleges, which signifies a growing need to understand their educational experiences. Research connects high self-efficacy and academic achievement. This study aimed for a deeper understanding of the educational experiences of combat student-veterans who had achieved academic degrees following deployment in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). Qualitative methodology was used as a source of in-depth exploration to identify conditions enhancing combat student-veterans' motivation in the college classroom. Using Yin's multiple-case-study research design, information was gathered from nine individual combat student-veteran perspectives. Findings indicated that mastery experience, vicarious experience and social persuasion were major sources of self-efficacy among student-veterans.

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We used a new device simulating in vitro primary haemostasis : more precisely the reactivity of blood to collagen and ADP. Thus an artificial vessel was created consisting of two main parts : a glass capillary (ID 140 um, length 16 mm, siliconized) simulating the haemodynamic resistance of an arteriole and an aperture (ID 150 um) reflecting the injured part of a cut arteriole. This aperture was performed in a cellulose acetate filter covered with collagen type I (3 mg/ml) to provide a defined surface for the adhesion of platelets and soaked with ADP in a concentration similar to that of injured endothelial cells (2 x 10-2 M). The mean - sd control values were 110 ± 24 s, 156 -± 40 ul (n = 25) and correlated well with in vivo bleeding time values (p< 0.01). We studied the effect on this test of classical antiaggregant drugs which act on primary hemostasis by different mechanisms of action. Acetylsalycilic acid (Egic laboratories) prolonged this test for concentrations above 10−5 M, ticlopidine (Millot-Solac laboratories) above 3 × 10−4 M, prostacyclin (Wellcome laboratories) above 5 Õ 10−9 M, the synthetic octapeptide LYS-PRO-GLY-GLU-PRO-GLY-PR0-LYS derived from type III collagen (gift from Y. Legrand) above 5 × 10−4 M. We evidenced a synergistic action between collagen octapeptide and ticlopidine. Thus this device permits the screening of new drugs for their effects on primary hemostasis and the study of ex vivo repeated measurements for the monitoring of antiaggregant therapy.

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Kinematic parameters of the head are used to predict brain injury because they are thought to be indicative of the inertial response of the brain. Although all injury metrics used to predict head injury in industry are based on linear acceleration, brain injury is widely believed to be caused by the complex interaction between linear and angular kinematics. Previous research investigating angular kinematics have focused on animal models, where data cannot be directly applied to humans [1, 2]. Optimally, these data would be derived from humans. There are an estimated 1.6 to 3.8 million sports-related occurring annually in the United States [3]. Football’s high incidence of concussion provides a unique opportunity to collect biomechanical data to characterize this injury. By instrumenting and observing a population that is at high risk for concussion (football players), data characterizing concussion can be collected in a natural and ethically sound manner. The objective of this study was to estimate the angular kinematics of the head associated with concussion using data collected from human volunteers.

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Abstract Motivated by the Joint Urban 2003 field project and subsequent studies, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques were used to collect full-field measurements of three-dimensional fluid velocity and concentration across a scaled model of 2003 Oklahoma City. The study was intended to develop, test, and demonstrate a repeatable puff release with MRI compatible equipment. In order to accomplish this, a contaminant was injected through the floor of a city model in discrete puffs using a solenoid valve. Sealed to fit inside a water channel, the 1:2,206 scale city model covered the central business district of the city as it was in 2003. The main flow was fully turbulent with a Reynolds number of 36,000, while vertical puff injection occurred at a Reynolds number of 2,642. Using MRV and MRC methods, the three components of velocity and concentration were measured at more than 2 million locations for each of the 12 phases of the injection period. MRV measurements examined the fluid flow with respect to building geometry. Collected at heights corresponding to this MRV data, MRC measurements enabled the analysis of the vertical and lateral dispersion of the contaminant. Ultimately, the study demonstrated a novel MRI technique through contaminant puff release and can be used for the validation of urban contaminant dispersion models.

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The preliminary development of the novel concept of using a large catamaran, known as Gas Cat, as a floating natural gas processing and offloading facility is outlined. The proposed system is based on two ship-shaped hulls joined by a spanning superstructure. For off-loading purposes a carrier may dock with or be tethered to the catamaran. A concept design has been developed based on two retrofitted VLCCs allowing for the processing and storage of 1 million bbls of condensate and approximately 240,000 m3 of LNG. A key aspect of the development of this concept is the accurate estimation of the motions of the catamaran in a variety of operational scenarios. Model experiments were conducted in the Model Test Basin of the Australian Maritime College using a 1:78 scale model of two full-form hulls converted into a catamaran configuration. Tests were conducted in head, beam and oblique seas for two hull spacings and a range of wave heights. The experimental results show that, for the range of wave conditions tested, good linearity of the motions can be expected with respect to wave height. An increase in demihull separation was found to significantly reduce the sway, heave and roll motions in beam seas. However a change in demihull separation had little influence on the motions in oblique seas. A change in heading angle from head seas to beam seas significantly increased the sway, heave and roll motions whilst reducing pitch motions. Bow quartering seas was seen to be the worst heading angle for yaw. The results from the experiments allowed the expected motions of the Gas Cat to be determined in extreme weather conditions.

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Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging techniques were used to collect three-dimensional velocity data measurements of scaled models of a canyon in New Mexico to compare to simulations where a gas was released inside the canyon. The first canyon model covers an area of 1850m × 1030m with a scale of 1:5250 while the second model covers an area of 290m × 160m with a scale of 1:825. A fully turbulent flow with a Reynolds number of 36,000 using the channel hydraulic diameter passes through the canyon geometry for both models. With Magnetic Resonance Velocimetry (MRV), more than 13 million data points were measured to represent flow velocity. The MRV experiment with the 1:5250 scale model helped to identify key terrain features to be included in the next set of measurements of a higher resolution model. MRV not only served as a method of analysis but also as a method for design. The analysis of the data resulted in a new design of a 1:825 scale, which had a higher resolution of the terrain surrounding the gas release point. The preliminary scans from the 1:825 scale model showed a much more dynamic flow around the release point than observed in the 1:5250 scale model. Counter-rotating vortices and circulation can be observed in the 1:825 scale model. This data set will be used to compare to Sandia National Laboratories’ simulations of turbulent flows in a complex terrain.

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It is important to monitor the quality of the air used in the cooling system of a gas turbine engine. There can be many reasons that particulates smaller than the minimum size removed by typical engine air filters can enter the secondary air system piping in a gas turbine engine system. Siemens has developed a system that provide real time monitoring of particulate concentrations by adapting a commercial electrodynamic devise for use within the confines of the gas turbine secondary air system with provision for a grab sample option to collect samples for laboratory analysis. This on-line monitoring system is functional at typical engine cooling system piping operating pressure and temperature. The system is calibrated for detection of iron oxide particles in the 1 to 100 micrometer range at concentration of from 1 to 50 parts per million mass wet (ppmmw) The electro dynamic device is nominally operable at 800°C. The particulate monitoring system requires special mounting and antenna. This system may be adjusted for other materials, sizes and concentrations. The system and its developmental application are described. The system has been tested and test results are reviewed. The test application was the cooling air piping of a Siemens gas turbine engine. Multiple locations were monitored. The cooling system in this engine incorporates an air cooler and the particulate monitoring system was tested upstream and downstream of the air cooler for temperature contrast. The monitor itself is limited to the piping system and not the engine gas-path.

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It is estimated that up to 9.3 million people may be impacted by locomotive horn noise and up to 4.6 million of those may be severely impacted.1 In 2009, there were over 1,900 incidents, over 700 injuries, and over 240 fatalities at highway-rail grade crossings.2 Approximately 4,000 times per year, a train and highway vehicle collide at one of over 262,000 public and private highway-rail grade crossings in the United States. Compared to a collision between two highway vehicles, a collision with a train is eleven times more likely to result in a fatality, and five and a half times more likely to result in a disabling injury. Approximately half of all collisions occur at grade crossings that are not fully equipped with warning devices. Some of the drivers involved in these collisions may have been unaware of the approaching train.3 The National Academy of Engineering Committee on Technology for a Quieter America has indicated that the public would benefit if a train horn was more directional and has recommended that research and development be undertaken to better understand the effects on safety, with benefits to the public.4 As a part of an ongoing Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)-sponsored research and development effort, the authors have developed an Acoustical Warning Device (AWD) prototype with an overall goal of maximizing safety at a grade crossing and minimizing environmental noise pollution (at the wayside and in the cabin of a locomotive in reducing railroad worker occupational hazard noise exposure). An initial prototype was created that consisted of one acoustical element. An advanced prototype is currently being developed with three acoustical elements to provide variable directivity and steering capabilities through beamforming. A digitized horn signal has been created based on characteristics from an analog air-pressure locomotive horn. The initial AWD prototype has been analyzed for detectability and noise impact area and the directivity pattern of its sound emissions have been tested. The expected performance of the advanced three-unit prototype has been evaluated based on the test results of the initial prototype and acoustic simulation modeling. During development of the initial AW D prototype, spectrograms, polar directivity plots, frequency response plots, 1/3-octave band plots, and LAeq measurements of the AWD propagation were analyzed to ensure proper functionality of the AWD, in accordance with FRA and QinetiQ North America’s (QNA) specifications. Based on acoustic simulation modeling, the advanced AWD prototype is expected to generate sound up to 110 dBA at 100 feet forward of the locomotive. The AWD prototype is expected to improve detectability and reduced environmental noise exposure to the community and locomotive cabin.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an intracranial injury caused by impacts or angular accelerations of the head such as a violent blow, a bump, a projectile, or even a blast. TBI is a major problem that accounts for over 1.4 million emergency room visits in US. Thus, it is important to understand and predict the occurrence of TBI. Previous studies have shown that the interaction between the subarachnoid space (SAS) trabeculae and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays an important role in damping the effect of impacts and reducing the brain injuries. However, the influence of sulci parameters and sulci trabeculae in impact induced TBI is still unexplored. A few studies have shown that inclusion of sulci in brain models alters the brain injuries conclusions, even though those models do not take into account the trabecular tissue present in the sulci. In this study, to obtain a perspective of the morphology and architecture of the sulci trabeculae at the frontal lobe of the brain, Human cadaver brain of an 87 year old male was used. For the first experiment, several sulci from the frontal lobe were sectioned and measured to find the average sulci depth, using the image processing software called ‘ImageJ’. This experiment was followed by the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study on the samples prepared from the frontal lobe. Indeed, numerous images were taken at various magnifications to find different trabecular morphology and architecture in the sulci. The results from the experimental studies were used in our numerical analyses. To do so, the validated global 3D FE model of the human head and neck, created at The City College of New York, were impacted by a rigid barrier on the forehead. The pressure time history, beneath the skull, was calculated during and after the impact. Moreover, a local 3D FE model has been created, having the meninges and the brain with sulci, including the trabeculae and the CSF. The depth of the sulci and the architecture of the trabeculae have been inspired by the imaging and SEM studies. Indeed, the top surface of the local model was subjected to the pressure loading condition obtained from the global model. The results of the finite element simulations reveal that the interaction between the trabeculae and the CSF inside the sulci, would affect and reduce the movement and displacement of gyri and sulci’s walls when the forehead of the head is impacted by an elastic barrier.

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This paper presents the history of and current status of a U.S. DOT and NASA sponsored program designed to demonstrate the feasibility of using a small-unmanned airborne data acquisition system (ADAS) for traffic surveillance, monitoring, and management. ADAS is ideally suited for application in monitoring traffic flow, traffic congestion, and supporting ITS assets. GeoData Systems (GDS), Inc., with principal offices at 10565 Lee Highway, Suite 100, Fairfax, VA 22030 has developed a revolutionary new class of airborne data acquisition systems. In this effort, GDS has teamed with traffic experts DBR & Associates; P.O. Box 12300 Burke, VA. The GDS ADAS has a gross takeoff weight of less than 55 lbs, which includes both the airframe and sensors. It is capable of sustained flight for periods in excess of two hours while carrying a sensor payload of up to 20 lbs. ADAS has nine interchangeable sensor platforms under development to include a hyper-spectral visible-near-IR sensor, a multi-spectral visible near-IR mid-IR sensor, a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensor, and a highly flexible high-resolution real-time video sensor. The GDS high-resolution real-time video sensor is ideally suited for traffic monitoring and other highway monitoring applications. The ADAS platform is capable of flying under a combination of pre-programmed Differential Global Positioning Satellite (DGPS) based navigation and manual direct ground control. The ADAS is being fully tested and is planned for use in several DOD base-monitoring studies this year. It should be noted that the ADAS has several levels of backup systems, which allows for a safe descent to the ground via parachute in a worst-case scenario. The system and any liability resulting from its use are fully insured by a major provider. The use of ADAS in traffic surveillance, monitoring, and management is unique and, as far as can be ascertained, has not been used in an official capacity in this way. Because of its ability to collect traffic data, survey traffic conditions, and collect highway inventory and environmental data in a cost-effective manner, and because every metropolitan area needs to collect at least some traffic data, the potential payoff from applying the ADAS is significant. The estimated potential payoff resulting from the use of the ADAS was calculated by taking into consideration information from a recent study conducted for the Federal Highway Administration by the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center1. Using a reported average amount of funds expended annually for traffic data collection by transportation agencies in metropolitan areas with a population of over 200,000 and taking into consideration the estimated budget for staff involved in data collection, it is calculated that transportation agencies in an average metropolitan area spend approximately $5 million per year in traffic data collection. The ADAS can play a cost-saving role in about half of all data collection procedures and can reduce the total cost by 20 percent. Nationally, this could produce an annual savings of $75 million. An additional area where the ADAS can play a useful role is in incident management. It is well documented that more than half of the traffic congestion in the U.S. is caused by incidents, and the problem is getting worse: The percentage of congestion due to incidents is estimated to increase to 70 percent by the year 20053. The Federal Highway Administration further estimates that incident-related traffic congestion will cost the U.S. more than $75 billion in the year 2005, mainly due to lost time and wasted fuel. Comprehensive, accurate surveillance of major incidents will result in a more effective overall response. It can facilitate the process of completing police documentation of incidents, which further reduce their duration. A recent study4 showed that a 23-minute reduction in average incident duration in the Atlanta area saved $45 million in one year. The ADAS is able to provide real time overhead video feeds of an incident and the surrounding traffic situation. In addition, the ADAS can record the incident on video, capturing especially those incidents that are not within the visibility range of any CCTV system, therefore reducing the recording burden of police officers. The valuable role that airborne real-time video can play has been recognized by transportation agencies: The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) has commented enthusiastically on this approach: “…VDOT definitely supports the use of an Unmanned Airborne Sensor for traffic management during a highway incident.” In addition, the Director of the Center for Advanced Transportation Technology of the University of Maryland also has responded positively, writing that, “A project which evaluates the effectiveness of an unmanned airborne data acquisition system in monitoring traffic flow seems to be a step in the right direction toward identifying appropriate and cost-effective remote sensing applications.” Further, in a recent study conducted by the Virginia Transportation Research Council in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration, researchers concluded that: “the air video reduces the time and personnel needed to acquire data from the field. Further, aerial video may facilitate an objective evaluation of a jurisdiction’s incident response procedures. Finally, aerial video may allow a transportation agency to adopt a proactive approach to traffic management by identifying and evaluating potential problems before they occur. Specifically, problems include the use of residential neighborhoods to bypass congested arterials and heavily used facilities needing snow removal.” Our project is demonstrating how the ADAS can be used in traffic surveillance monitoring and management. The study team is using input from transportation agencies at the state and local level to fine-tune the design of the ADAS application and the analysis and evaluation of the results. Areas where the ADAS can be applied effectively and efficiently are being identified. When completed, the end product of this effort will be a document that will indicate when it is cost-effective to use ADAS relative to other possible methods of data collection and analysis.

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Aim/Purpose: This paper provides the results of the preliminary analysis of the findings of an ongoing study that seeks to examine the social media use, cultural and political awareness, civic engagement, issue prioritization, and social activism of Gen Z students enrolled at four different institutional types located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The aim of this study is to look at the group as a whole as well as compare findings across populations. The institutional types under consideration include a mid-sized majority serving or otherwise referred to as a traditionally white institution (TWI) located in a small coastal city on the Atlantic Ocean, a small Historically Black University (HBCU) located in a rural area, a large community college located in a county that is a mixture of rural and suburban and which sits on the border of Maryland and Pennsylvania, and graduating high school students enrolled in career and technical education (CTE) programs in a large urban area. This exploration is purposed to examine the behaviors and expectations of Gen Z students within a representative American region during a time of tremendous turmoil and civil unrest in the United States. Background: Over 74 million strong, Gen Z makes up almost one-quarter of the U.S. population. They already outnumber any current living generation and are the first true digital natives. Born after 1996 and through 2012, they are known for their short attention spans and heightened ability to multi-task. Raised in the age of the smart phone, they have been tethered to digital devices from a young age with most having the preponderance of their childhood milestones commemorated online. Often called Zoomers, they are more racially and ethnically diverse than any previous generation and are on track to be the most well-educated generation in history. Gen Zers in the United States have been found in the research to be progressive and pro-government and viewing increasing racial and ethnic diversity as positive change. Finally, they are less likely to hold xenophobic beliefs such as the notion of American exceptionalism and superiority that have been popular with by prior generations. The United States has been in a period of social and civil unrest in recent years with concerns over systematic racism, rampant inequalities, political polarization, xenophobia, police violence, sexual assault and harassment, and the growing epidemic of gun violence. Anxieties stirred by the COVID-19 pandemic further compounded these issues resulting in a powder keg explosion occurring throughout the summer of 2020 and leading well into 2021. As a result, the United States has deteriorated significantly in the Civil Unrest Index falling from 91st to 34th. The vitriol, polarization, protests, murders, and shootings have all occurred during Gen Z’s formative years, and the limited research available indicates that it has shaped their values and political views. Methodology: The Mid-Atlantic region is a portion of the United States that exists as the overlap between the northeastern and southeastern portions of the country. It includes the nation’s capital, as well as large urban centers, small cities, suburbs, and rural enclaves. It is one of the most socially, economically, racially, and culturally diverse parts of the United States and is often referred to as the “typically American region.” An electronic survey was administered to students from 2019 through 2021 attending a high school dual enrollment program, a minority serving institution, a majority serving institution, and a community college all located within the larger mid-Atlantic region. The survey included a combination of multiple response, Likert scaled, dichotomous, open ended, and ordinal questions. It was developed in the Survey Monkey system and reviewed by several content and methodological experts in order to examine bias, vagueness, or potential semantic problems. Finally, the survey was pilot tested prior to implementation in order to explore the efficacy of the research methodology. It was then modified accordingly prior to widespread distribution to potential participants. The surveys were administered to students enrolled in classes taught by the authors all of whom are educators. Participation was voluntary, optional, and anonymous. Over 800 individuals completed the survey with just over 700 usable results, after partial completes and the responses of individuals outside of the 18-24 age range were removed. Findings: Participants in this study overwhelmingly were users of social media. In descending order, YouTube, Instagram, Snapchat, Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest, WhatsApp, LinkedIn and Tik Tok were the most popular social media services reported as being used. When volume of use was considered, Instagram, Snapchat, YouTube and Twitter were the most cited with most participants reporting using Instagram and Snapchat multiple times a day. When asked to select which social media service they would use if forced to choose just one, the number one choice was YouTube followed by Instagram and Snapchat. Additionally, more than half of participants responded that they have uploaded a video to a video sharing site such as YouTube or Tik Tok. When asked about their familiarity with different technologies, participants overwhelmingly responded that they are “very familiar” with smart phones, searching the Web, social media, and email. About half the respondents said that they were “very familiar” with common computer applications such as the Microsoft Office Suite or Google Suite with another third saying that they were “somewhat familiar.” When asked about Learning Management Systems (LMS) like Blackboard, Course Compass, Canvas, Edmodo, Moodle, Course Sites, Google Classroom, Mindtap, Schoology, Absorb, D2L, itslearning, Otus, PowerSchool, or WizIQ, only 43% said they were “very familiar” with 31% responding that they were “somewhat familiar.” Finally, about half the students were either “very” or “somewhat” familiar with operating systems such as Windows. A few preferences with respect to technology in the teaching and learning process were explored in the survey. Most students (85%) responded that they want course announcements and reminders sent to their phones, 76% expect their courses to incorporate the use of technology, 71% want their courses to have course websites, and 71% said that they would rather watch a video than read a book chapter. When asked to consider the future, over 81% or respondents reported that technology will play a major role in their future career. Most participants considered themselves “informed” or “well informed” about current events although few considered themselves “very informed” or “well informed” about politics. When asked how they get their news, the most common forum reported for getting news and information about current events and politics was social media with 81% of respondents reporting. Gen Z is known to be an engaged generation and the participants in this study were not an exception. As such, it came as no surprise to discover that, in the past year more than 78% of respondents had educated friends or family about an important social or political issue, about half (48%) had donated to a cause of importance to them, more than a quarter (26%) had participated in a march or rally, and a quarter (26%) had actively boycotted a product or company. Further, about 37% consider themselves to be a social activist with another 41% responding that aren’t sure if they would consider themselves an activist and only 22% saying that they would not consider themselves an activist. When asked what issues were important to them, the most frequently cited were Black Lives Matter (75%), human trafficking (68%), sexual assault/harassment/Me Too (66.49%), gun violence (65.82%), women’s rights (65.15%), climate change (55.4%), immigration reform/deferred action for childhood arrivals (DACA) (48.8%), and LGBTQ+ rights (47.39%). When the schools were compared, there were only minor differences in social media use with the high school students indicating slightly more use of Tik Tok than the other participants. All groups were virtually equal when it came to how informed they perceived themselves about current events and politics. Consensus among groups existed with respect to how they get their news, and the community college and high school students were slightly more likely to have participated in a march, protest, or rally in the last 12 months than the university students. The community college and high school students were also slightly more likely to consider themselves social activists than the participants from either of the universities. When the importance of the issues was considered, significant differences based on institutional type were noted. Black Lives Matter (BLM) was identified as important by the largest portion of students attending the HBCU followed by the community college students and high school students. Less than half of the students attending the TWI considered BLM an important issue. Human trafficking was cited as important by a higher percentage of students attending the HBCU and urban high school than at the suburban and rural community college or the TWI. Sexual assault was considered important by the majority of students at all the schools with the percentage a bit smaller from the majority serving institution. About two thirds of the students at the high school, community college, and HBCU considered gun violence important versus about half the students at the majority serving institution. Women’s rights were reported as being important by more of the high school and HBCU participants than the community college or TWI. Climate change was considered important by about half the students at all schools with a slightly smaller portion reporting out the HBCU. Immigration reform/DACA was reported as important by half the high school, community college, and HBCU participants with only a third of the students from the majority serving institution citing it as an important issue. With respect to LGBTQ rights approximately half of the high school and community college participants cited it as important, 44.53% of the HBCU students, and only about a quarter of the students attending the majority serving institution. Contribution and Conclusion: This paper provides a timely investigation into the mindset of generation Z students living in the United States during a period of heightened civic unrest. This insight is useful to educators who should be informed about the generation of students that is currently populating higher education. The findings of this study are consistent with public opinion polls by Pew Research Center. According to the findings, the Gen Z students participating in this study are heavy users of multiple social media, expect technology to be integrated into teaching and learning, anticipate a future career where technology will play an important role, informed about current and political events, use social media as their main source for getting news and information, and fairly engaged in social activism. When institutional type was compared the students from the university with the more affluent and less diverse population were less likely to find social justice issues important than the other groups. Recommendations for Practitioners: During disruptive and contentious times, it is negligent to think that the abounding issues plaguing society are not important to our students. Gauging the issues of importance and levels of civic engagement provides us crucial information towards understanding the attitudes of students. Further, knowing how our students gain information, their social media usage, as well as how informed they are about current events and political issues can be used to more effectively communicate and educate. Recommendations for Researchers: As social media continues to proliferate daily life and become a vital means of news and information gathering, additional studies such as the one presented here are needed. Additionally, in other countries facing similarly turbulent times, measuring student interest, awareness, and engagement is highly informative. Impact on Society: During a highly contentious period replete with a large volume of civil unrest and compounded by a global pandemic, understanding the behaviors and attitudes of students can help us as higher education faculty be more attuned when it comes to the design and delivery of curriculum. Future Research This presentation presents preliminary findings. Data is still being collected and much more extensive statistical analyses will be performed.

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Highly imperiled Oregon white oak ecosystems are a regional conservation priority of numerous organizations, including Oregon Metro, a regional government serving over one million people in the Portland area. Previously dominant systems in the Pacific Northwest, upland prairie and oak woodlands are now experiencing significant threat, with only 2% remaining in the Willamette Valley in small fragments (Hulse et al. 2002). These fragments are of high conservation value because of the rich biodiversity they support, including rare and endemic species, such as Delphinium leucophaeum (Oregon Department of Agriculture, 2020). Since 2010, Metro scientists and volunteers have collected phenology data on approximately 140 species of forbs and graminoids in regional oak prairie and woodlands. Phenology is the study of life-stage events in plants and animals, such as budbreak and senescence in flowering plants, and widely acknowledged as a sensitive indicator of environmental change (Parmesan 2007). Indeed, shifts in plant phenology have been observed over the last few decades as a result of climate change (Parmesan 2006). In oak systems, these changes have profound implications for plant community composition and diversity, as well as trophic interactions and general ecosystem function (Willis 2008). While the original intent of Metro’s phenology data-collection was to track long-term phenology trends, limitations in data collection methods have made such analysis difficult. Rather, these data are currently used to inform seasonal management decisions on Metro properties, such as when to collect seed for propagation and when to spray herbicide to control invasive species. Metro is now interested in fine-tuning their data-collection methods to better capture long-term phenology trends to guide future conservation strategies. Addressing the regional and global conservation issues of our time will require unprecedented collaboration. Phenology data collected on Metro properties is not only an important asset for Metro’s conservation plan, but holds potential to support broader research on a larger scale. As a leader in urban conservation, Metro is poised to make a meaningful scientific contribution by sharing phenology data with regional and national organizations. Data-sharing will benefit the common goal of conservation and create avenues for collaboration with other scientists and conservation practitioners (Rosemartin 2013). In order to support Metro’s ongoing conservation efforts in Oregon white oak systems, I have implemented a three-part master’s project. Part one of the project examines Metro’s previously collected phenology data, providing descriptive statistics and assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the methods by which the data were collected. Part two makes recommendations for improving future phenology data-collection methods, and includes recommendations for datasharing with regional and national organizations. Part three is a collection of scientific vouchers documenting key plant species in varying phases of phenology for Metro’s teaching herbarium. The purpose of these vouchers is to provide a visual tool for Metro staff and volunteers who rely on plant identification to carry out aspects of their job in plant conservation. Each component of this project addresses specific aspects of Metro’s conservation program, from day-to-day management concerns to long-term scientific inquiry.